Plan
Board
Made with Fritzing
Code
int pinButton = 9;
int pinLED = 13;
void setup() {
  pinMode(pinLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinButton, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
  int buttonState = digitalRead(pinButton);
  if (buttonState == HIGH) {
    digitalWrite(pinLED, HIGH);
  }
  else {
    digitalWrite(pinLED, LOW);
  }
}
Switch
int pinButton = 9;
int pinLED = 13;
int stateLED = 0;
void setup() {
  pinMode(pinLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinButton, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
  int buttonState = digitalRead(pinButton);
  if (buttonState == HIGH) {
    if (stateLED == 0) {
      digitalWrite(pinLED, HIGH);
    }
    else {
      digitalWrite(pinLED, LOW);     
    }
    stateLED = 1 - stateLED;
    delay(500);
  }
  
}
Timer
int pinButton = 9;
int pinLED = 13;
void setup() {
  pinMode(pinLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinButton, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
  int buttonState = digitalRead(pinButton);
  if (buttonState == HIGH) {
    digitalWrite(pinLED, HIGH);
    delay(5000);
    digitalWrite(pinLED, LOW);
  }
}
Download
Fritzing: button_led.fzz
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